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RegionSouth Asia

MediumIV Macro Policy & Sovereign Debt16 October 2026, Friday

India's reserves fall for a fifth week, yet the rupee recovers

Reserve Bank of India (RBI) data show foreign exchange reserves fell by 8.578 billion dollars in the week to 9 October, to 726.027 billion dollars. The loss from the 4 September peak of 785.71 billion dollars reached 59.7 billion dollars in 5 weeks. The rupee, meanwhile, gained for a sixth straight day on 16 October, closing at 94.92.

Location: MUMBAI

According to RBI data reported by The Tribune, 7.142 billion dollars of the decline came from foreign currency assets, which fell to 597.605 billion dollars. Gold reserves dropped 1.319 billion dollars to 105.094 billion dollars, and special drawing rights at the IMF fell 109 million dollars to 18.548 billion dollars. Reserves are nonetheless 34.92 billion dollars above their end-March 2026 level and 28.244 billion dollars higher than a year earlier. Outlook Business says reserves stood at 734.6 billion dollars the previous week, on 2 October.

According to an Outlook Business report based on Reuters, the RBI had built a currency buffer of more than 140 billion dollars through emergency measures that took effect on 8 June. Economists and currency dealers at 6 banks estimate that 75–80 billion dollars of that buffer, roughly half, has been spent through spot dollar sales and dollar-rupee swaps. The RBI's forward dollar liabilities, the dollars it has committed to deliver at future dates, were about 200 billion dollars at the end of September. Last week the bank opened a separate dollar window for oil companies and imposed a cash margin requirement on some forward dollar purchases.

According to PTI data carried by Telangana Today, the rupee opened at 94.75 on 16 October, traded between 94.71 and 95.06 and closed 7 paise higher at 94.92. On the same day Brent stood at 105.56 dollars a barrel and the dollar index at 101.445. Foreign institutional investors were net sellers of 5,285.37 crore rupees on 15 October. Kaveri More, an analyst at Choice Broking, said the rupee was approaching a critical support zone around 94.

Talay assessment

Bottom line

The rupee's 6-day recovery reflects not market strength but the RBI's defence through reserves and the forward market. A drawdown of 59.7 billion dollars in 5 weeks and forward liabilities of around 200 billion dollars show the cost of that defence is mounting. The binding constraint is the oil bill: while Brent stays above 105 dollars, dollar demand persists. The most likely path is that the RBI holds the rupee in a 94–95.5 band while trying to slow the reserve drain.

Likely effects

  • RupeePositiveWeeks

    The RBI's spot sales, swaps and cash margin requirement lifted the rupee to 94.92; while these tools stay in place, near-term volatility is suppressed.

  • Reserve adequacyNegative1–6 months

    Spending roughly half of the 140 billion dollar buffer, with forward liabilities near 200 billion dollars, shows the defence cannot run at the same pace for months.

  • Foreign portfolio flowsNegativeWeeks

    Net sales of 5,285 crore rupees on 15 October show foreign investors still exiting Indian equities despite high rates and tight liquidity.

Possibilities, ranked

  1. 1
    Controlled defence continues55%

    The RBI holds the rupee in a 94–95.5 band, and weekly reserve losses continue in the 5–10 billion dollar range.

    Watch: The decline in reserve data for the week to 16 October staying below 10 billion dollars

  2. 2
    Pressure builds again30%

    Oil and portfolio outflows accelerate, the rupee breaks past 95.5 and the RBI takes a fresh tightening step.

    Watch: The rupee closing above 95.5 to the dollar

  3. 3
    Pressure eases15%

    A lower Brent and portfolio inflows bring the first rise in reserves.

    Watch: Weekly RBI data breaking the 5-week run of reserve declines

Probabilities are calibrated judgement based on the sources, not measurement, and are revised as new information arrives. Not investment advice.

Market reaction

Indicators affected

  • Weekly reserve loss▼ −$8.58bn
  • Rupee/dollar close▲ 94.92
  • Buffer spent▼ $75–80bn

Sources

  1. The Tribune — India's forex reserves down by USD 8.58 billion to USD 726.03 billion in week ended Oct 9
  2. Outlook Business (Reuters) — RBI burns through half of $140 bn forex cushion in rupee defence
  3. Telangana Today (PTI) — Rupee rises for sixth straight session, closes at 94.92 against dollar